Estudo do suprimento energético e certificação de uma planta de produção de hidrogênio renovável a partir da associação de um complexo eólico e um complexo fotovoltaico

Abstract

The urgency of climate change and the recent energy crisis has forced many countries to accelerate towards the goal of a carbon-neutral economy. Hydrogen (H2) from renewable sources is a highly efficient way to decarbonize different sectors of the economy that account for a significant part of global carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions, such as food production and transport. In view of the growth in the use of renewable energy sources, both nationally and globally, renewable hydrogen has been gaining ground and expanding its possibilities. Brazil has the potential to become one of the world’s largest producers of hydrogen from renewable sources due to its natural advantages associated with a predominantly renewable system, in addition to a vast technical and regulatory framework in terms of energy generation, transmission, distribution and commercialization. The Câmera de Comercialização de Energia Elétrica (CCEE) launched at the end of 2022 the base document that deals on the certification of hydrogen produced in the Brazilian market, taking an important step forward to the national protagonism in the global hydrogen scenario and showing which paths should be followed for agents interested in the exploitation of such a product. This work presents a case study in which the hydrogen production of a fictitious industrial plant is certified, with an net power of 100 MW. The certification takes place through the association of two different electricity generation parks, one solar photovoltaic, with 120 MW installed, and the other, a wind farm, with 180 MW installed. The association of the parks occurs by means of a Power Purchase Agreement (PPA), based on 46 months of data provided by the Operador Nacional do Sistema (ONS). The paper concludes that through the quarterly temporal correlation, the PPA constituted guarantees the energy supply necessary to produce hydrogen 100% from renewable source, when this producer of H2 is framed in Case 1.1 of the Hydrogen Certification of Brazil, in other words, when the producer of H2 is connected to the SIN with PPA from renewable source. In addition, this study highlights that complementary renewable energy sources can attest to a higher level of assurance of the certification of hydrogen produced as renewable.