Práticas de gestão de pessoas na gestão escolar: análise das cognições dos gestores e docentes

Abstract

People management (PM) stands out in organizations, as it is an important element for organizational performance and contributes to obtaining competitive advantages through people. The application of PM practices (training, performance evaluation, among others) should occur in an integrated manner, based on organizational strategy and meeting the individual goals of employees. In schools, the PM challenge is tied to the quality of teaching and learning of students. Thus, the research now under report had as general objective to analyze PM practices in schools with different pedagogical methods, with support in the cognitions of their managers and teachers. To achieve this goal, a field demand was structured in four schools in the city of Fortaleza, which adopt different pedagogical methods (Montessori, Ecossystemic, Waldorf and Traditional) and have similarities in the infrastructure socioeconomic profiles of students. Data collection occurred through semi-structured interviews based on the subjects' cognitions. The interview scripts were elaborated based on the Cognitive-Reflective Approach (CRA). The data were obtained through spontaneous responses, technique of the forms and free written production. To obtain secondary data on schools, documentary analysis was used on the websites and social networks of the schools. The content analysis was carried out with a mainity in the interviews, establishing the following categories: PM practices applied in schools, important practices for managers and teachers, and contribution of PM exercises in the performance of schools and professionals. As a result, the fact that schools have similarities and differences in the application of their PM practices, especially in montessori, ecosystem and Waldorf schools the intense training of professionals in the pedagogical method. The investigation is justified by the gap of qualitative research involving PM in school management, using a methodological proposal of interview recently introduced in organizational studies - the CRA and, for establishing a comparative study between schools with various pedagogical methods. The study, of course, will contribute to the enrichment of the empirical basis of studies on PM practices, evidencing the relevance for the performance of teachers as a specialized professional. Moreover, the research strengthens the management of schools with reflections on the application of PM practices.