Rede e hiper-rede de colaboração de físicos experimentais ganhadores do prêmio Nobel de física: uma análise por meio das teorias de grafos e de hipergrafos

Abstract

This work aims to study the collaboration networks and hyper-networks of 4 (four) experimental physicists who won the Nobel Prize in Physics, using techniques from graph theory and hypergraph theory, evaluating their topological properties through the study of the centralities of the respective hypergraphs. In each scientist’s network, depicted using an undirected graph, the vertex represents a collaborating author who published with the laureate and the edges are the journals in which they published together. To represent and analyze the networks, the Python programming language and its libraries, such as NumPy, Pandas, Matplot and NetworkX, were used, and for its graphical visualization, the Gephi software was used. In each hypernetwork of each author, the nodes continue to be the coauthors, but as in hypergraphs links between more than two nodes are considered, what would be the edges in the graphs in this theory they are called hyperedges, which continue to represent the journals. To calculate the centralities for these hypergraphs, their dual was used. The hypergraphs were analyzed and visualized through the HyperNetX library of the Python programming language.