Relações comunitárias urbanas em contexto de ameaça de desapropriação do espaço

Abstract

The urban space of Fortaleza is marked by socio-spatial segregation, often manifested by actions of expropriation of communities located in areas of interest to the real estate market. In these communities, there is a movement of organization among residents, in which part of them gather to resist eviction; and another part, apparently, chooses to leave the community, negotiating their housing. Therefore, this research aimed to analyze community relations, in the context of expropriation of space, of a community in Fortaleza-Ceará. Specifically, I) The socio-historical construction of Vila Vicentina da Estância community was discussed, considering the process of socio-spatial segregation in the city of Fortaleza; II) Analyzed, from affectivity, the person-environment relationship in the context of expropriation of space; and III) Understand the group organizations of (non) resistance to the dispossession of space and its psychosocial implications in the daily life of the community. This is a qualitative ethnographic research, in which the researcher entered a community (2016 - 2022) to attend the group organization movement of its residents, who live under threats of expropriation. For the construction of the corpus, the following tools were used: I) Participant Observation; II) Field Diary; III) Interviews; IV) Place Esteem Scale; and V) Sense of Community Index. Content Analysis was used to systematize, analyze and interpret the information. Among the results, it was observed that, in both groups (resistant and “non-resistant”), there are interests in remaining in the community. As for the affections present in the resident-community relationship, in the resistant ones, “Love” and “Brotherhood” (potentiating) and “Apprehension” (non-potentiating) prevailed; and, in the “non-resistant”, “Love” and “Well-being” (potentiating) and “Sense of Judgment” (non-potentiating) stood out. The groups presented a potentiating Index of Esteem for the Place, with no significant difference between them. As for the Sense of Community Index, the Influence factor obtained the lowest adherence among the residents, with the lowest score for the “non-resistant”, indicating that these do not have their opinions respected in the community, nor do they feel that they influence in decisions relating to it. As for community relations, the Resistência Vila Vicentina group was well structured and active in the development of community activities, but there are internal conflicts related to the use of power; while the “non-resistant” constituted a non-group. There was an approach of the “non-resistant” to the resistant one, but this group received them with distrust. Finally, power conflicts over the management of community spaces and the reproduction of dominator-subjugated relationships were highlighted.