Caracterização dos eventos adversos ocorridos na Atenção Básica à Saúde de Sobral - Ce.

Abstract

The PHC is characterized by a set of health actions in the individual and collective sphere, which covers the promotion, health protection, prevention of diseases, diagnosis, treatment, rehabilitation, damage reduction and health maintenance with the goal of developing a comprehensive care that impacts the health situation, autonomy of people and the determinants and conditions of health of the collectivities. With the evolution of PHC, it is necessary to implement safe methods to ensure the quality of care provided to the user. Thus, patient safety emerges as an essential attribute to the quality of health care. This issue has almost always been linked to adverse incidents and events in the hospital setting; however, these can occur at other levels of health care. This study aims to characterize the adverse events occurring in the ESF in the municipality of Sobral - CE. This is an exploratory, descriptive, observational study with a quantitative approach, applied in UBS of the city of Sobral - CE. Participated in the study, professionals working in the FHS, regardless of their academic background. We used an instrument developed in Australia and translated and adapted to the Brazilian reality, the Primary Care International Study of Medical Errors (PCISME). To carry out the study, two stages were necessary: the first was data collection, with the application of the instrument, and the second stage was the counting of calls through the e-SUS AB, from January to March 2022. The percentage of patient safety incidents calculated was 0.10%, equivalent to an incidence rate of 1.0 incident per thousand visits per quarter, ranging from 0.87 to 1.25 incidents per thousand visits per month. The incidents involving a specific patient were responsible for 0.09% of security incidents per service in the quarter, which corresponds to an incidence rate of 0.85 incident per 1000 quarterly services. Considering that one of the goals previously established by the WHO is the involvement of citizens in their safety, and after the analysis of reported errors that included patients as a causal factor, it is indeed intrinsic that, for the proper management of risk associated with health care in PHC, it is essential to engage service users, in addition to health professionals, in a culture of patient safety, concomitantly with the implementation of preventive measures suggested in this study and by the world literature.