Avaliação experimental e modelagem matemática de filtros anaeróbios como alternativa de baixo custo para remoção de algas de efluentes de lagoas de estabilização

Abstract

In this research we studied the performance of three anaerobic biological filters with new and different support media in different hydraulic retention time (HRT): 5.5 and 11.1 hours, aiming at the removal of wastewater stabilization ponds of algae. The considerable performance in the post-treatment (removal of up to 77.4%) can be attributed to the actions of sedimentation mechanisms, physical restraint and biological assimilation. It has developed a model for chlorophyll decay from the simplification of mass transport equation. The overall decay coefficient was described as a function of Reynolds and Weber numbers, which was obtained through adjusting the experimental data with a determination coefficient greater than 0.96. To confirm that the Reynolds and Weber function describes well the k behavior, simulations were made of the impact of these variables on algae removal efficiency: filter length (bed height), filter diameter, the diameter of the support means, porosity, flow, surface tension and viscosity of the liquid. Simulations show consistency in the results, reinforcing that the Reynolds and Weber numbers and the flow model of piston may be used to describe the process of removing algae in anaerobic filters.