Gestão da segurança de barragens no Brasil - proposta de um sistema integrado, descentralizado, transparente e participativo

Abstract

The occurrence of accidents and incidents with dams in Brazil is not merely a hypothesis based on a remote past. It is a fact that requires a short term solution. These accidents in Brazil in general are linked to how the dam safety management is treated. Thus, this work presents a proposal for the institutional and procedures organization in order to provide the country with an Integrated System for the Dam Safety Management. With this objective, the work adopts a methodology based on activities grouped into three components: Diagnosis, Trial Solutions and Communication and Education, which, acting on an ongoing and interactive basis, allowed to achieving the maturity and the formulation of the proposal presented here. Diagnosis took the activities related to the collection of information to better identify the problem and the literature research to understand how the matter is addressed in other countries and in Brazil. The component of Trial Solutions took over the activities related to implementation of some alternative solutions to the problems identified in the diagnosis. Finally, in Communication and Education, are the activities that led to the process of awareness and information exchange to improve the proposed model. From an extensive research for regulatory frameworks in 28 countries and analysis of Brazilian legislation, focusing on topics such as: allocation of responsibilities in the federative organization, water resources, environment, hydropower generation, mining, civil defense, professional empowerment, standardization, sanctions and penalties, financial resources, guarantees and insurance, among others, allowed the proposal for an integrated model that tries to adapt to the current legislation in Brazil, the concepts and best practices identified in the research, including mechanisms of decentralization, transparency and public participation.