Espacialização e avaliação dos indicadores operacionais de esgotamento sanitário para as regiões de planejamento do Estado do Ceará

Abstract

Brazil has the goal of universalizing basic sanitation by 2033 in all Brazilian regions and states. However, in relation to sanitary sewage systems in Ceará, data from 2019 show that the majority of the population is not served with a sewage collection network, while less than 40% of the sewage generated in the state is treated. In this context, the present work has the objective of analyzing the sanitary sewage systems in the planning regions of Ceará using the spatialization of National Sanitation Information System data, referring to operational indicators of sanitary sewage systems, between the years 2010 and 2020. This is an applied, qualitative-quantitative research that used secondary data. The Excel 365 Education Software was used for data tabulation and the Free and Open Software QGIS version 3.18 for spatialization and the development of thematic maps. With this, it was possible to obtain results regarding the following indicators: total sewage service rate referred to municipalities served with water (IN056), urban sewage service rate referred to municipalities served with water (IN024), urban service rate of sewage referred to municipalities served with sewage (IN047), sewage collection index (IN015), sewage treatment index (IN016) and treated sewage index referring to water consumed (IN046). From the results, it is noted that the universalization of sanitary sewage for all regions of Ceará is still a challenge, as they indicate service rates below 93% (value defined by the National Plan for Basic Sanitation - PLANSAB, as a goal for Brazil until 2033).