A utilização do reuso de efluente industrial: uma análise do impacto no consumo de água na cervejaria no Brasil

Abstract

Water is a natural resource that we need to explore responsibly and consciously. The industry is responsible for consuming 20% of the fresh water consumed in the world. The use of technologies that minimize water consumption is essential, which adds value to the product through its more efficient use. This vision is increasingly impacting the sectors that need this resource to be successful. Several agencies and entities are constantly looking for new sources of water resources to complement the use in these regions and reduce the impact on economic activities. Under these conditions, the term “source substitution” is shown to be the plausible alternative to meet less restrictive demands. With the present work, it was observed that in the Cervejaria do Brasil, water consumption is related to the net production of beer. In 2020, the average water consumption was 4.3 L to produce 1 L of beer. In 2021, on the other hand, a gain of 6.28% was obtained in the water consumption indicator and the average reduced to 4.03 L for every 1 L of beer produced. The reuse index has a similar principle and is calculated by the volume of reuse produced divided by the production delivered to the consumer market. It is possible to observe that there was an increase of 214.28% in the reuse rate, which went from 0.07 in 2020 to 0.22 in 2021. It was also verified that the processes of water treatment and industrial effluent treatment we can observe several similarities with technologies used in aquaculture systems, such as the use of different types of physical filtration as observed in water recirculation systems and also in types of aeration of the aerobic system for the treatment of effluent, which is similar to the technology used in the biofloc system.