Propriedades mecânicas e resistência à corrosão de aços-carbonos aplicados na indústria de petróleo e gás: uma revisão de literatura

Abstract

Carbon steels are widely used in the oil and gas industry for the purpose of extracting and transporting oil and natural gas. These steels are also applied in other components of subsequent steps in obtaining petroleum products. However, carbon steels have limitations on their use in this sector, mainly due to their low corrosion resistance. It is known that the oil industry has great losses because of the high corrosiveness of the environments which the equipments are exposed; at all stages, from extraction to refining and subsequent storage of petroleum products, the materials applied in this industry are subjected to rigorous situations, such as exposure to corrosive fluids, high pressure and high temperatures. Thus, the present work is a bibliographic research developed from exploratory studies of the available literature on the application of carbon steels in the oil and gas industry, with the objective of summing up the most relevant general information about this theme. After analyzing the studies cited during the preparation of this study, the main standards that regulate the application of carbon steel in the oil and gas industry were identified, as well as the most used alloys in this sector. It was also discussed about the wear mechanisms which carbon steels are subjected to in the oil and gas industry, corrosive wear and mechanical wear, along with some forms of mitigation of these harmful processes, such as corrosion-resistant metal alloy coatings, non-metallic coatings and corrosion inhibitors. Therefore, it was concluded that it was possible to synthesize several information about the theme, making this research a good introductory reading in this area of study.