Imagens Sentinel-2 aplicadas na caracterização geomorfológica de ambientes costeiros: estudo de caso na Planície Costeira de Icapuí, Nordeste do Brasil

Abstract

Coastal regions are dynamic environments formed from the joint action of wind, terrestrial, oceanic & atmospheric processes. Remote sensing, coupled with digital image processing & geographic information systems, has been used in studies related to the coastal environments. The use of these geotechnologies finds it difficult to individualize geomorphological compartments of the coast due to the compositional homogeneity between the present features. In this context, the coastal plain of the municipality of Icapuí, located in the Ceará state, in the northern portion of the Brazilian Northeast region, was analyzed using orbital images of the MSI / Sentinel-2 sensor. HRGB & MNDWI compositions were subjected to a combination of techniques such as enhancement by decorrelation & filters, which allowed the generation of hybrid compositions named HRGBI that helped the differentiation of the geomorphological features present in the area. From these data, it was possible to generate a thematic map showing the several geomorphological compartments of the study area. It was possible to demonstrate the MSI sensor ability and the presented techniques to characterize features of recent coastal environments, allowing raising hypotheses about the processes involved in its formation and of its sedimentary evolution over the most recent geological time.