O direito à cidade sob a ótica das assimetrias na mobilidade urbana de Fortaleza: uma análise da disposição da infraestrutura cicloviária

Abstract

The world has been urbanizing in an ever so fast and unplanned manner, worsening socio-spatial inequalities in cities. In this context, the right to the city emerged, which encompasses several other fundamental collective rights. Urban mobility, inefficient in most Brazilian cities, is a component of the right to the city. The bicycle, in turn, represents the most efficient form of urban transport. This work aims to analyze the effectiveness of the right to the city through the analysis of urban mobility, evaluating the distribution of the bike network and the Bicicletar stations, relating to the average income of the neighborhoods of Fortaleza. It intends to verify whether income and standard of living influence cycling infrastructure availability and assess whether poor and peripheral neighborhoods have the same treatment as wealthy and central neighborhoods concerning the effectiveness of the right to the city. This work creates the Cycling Network Index (CNI), which with the help of geoprocessing tools, helps to evaluate the availability of cycling infrastructure in each neighborhood. It reveals a correlation between the layout of the cycling infrastructure and the neighborhood's income in Fortaleza, showing the concentration of the equipment in the wealthiest neighborhoods. It concludes that the State perpetuates this pattern of inequality in Fortaleza through policies of urban mobility that act in the production and valorization of specific spaces of greater purchasing power.