Análise dos relatórios do balanço energético nacional (BEN 2020) e balanço COVID-19, com foco no desenvolvimento da energias solar fotovoltaica

Abstract

This study aims to analyze the report of the National Energy Balance (BEN) 2020 of base year 2019, contextualizing it with the report of the Covid Balance-19 based on the first semester of 2020. Data from the national energy matrix will be analyzed, which in turn , is made up of renewable and non-renewable sources. The analysis will be done through data collected from graphs and tables, which are the basis for the national strategic energy planning, developed by the Energy Research Company (EPE). These reports show the percentage changes in the composition of the Brazilian energy matrix. There are notorious changes in the matrix in this period and the advancement of renewable energy in recent years, where the participation of photovoltaic solar energy in the energy matrix emerges, which in the years after 2018 had its participation significantly expanded, reaching double each year later. The year 2020 was different, as it suffered from the advancement of the Coronavirus pandemic to report this new scenario, the report was developed by EPE the Covid-19 Balance report, which in an emergency way shows data on the energy matrix of the first half of 2020. This report reports the variations in the percentages of energy composition in the pandemic scenario experienced by Brazil in the first half, due to the adoption of restrictive measures. Thus it is concluded that despite the great prominence analyzed in this work, the emergence of photovoltaic Solar Energy occurred, timidly, only from the last 10 years on the balance sheets. It was after BEN 2020 that photovoltaic solar energy stood out with + 1% within the national energy matrix.