Gestão ambiental de ecossistemas insulares: o caso da reserva biológica do Atol das Rocas, Atlântico Sul Equatorial

Abstract

The management of marine protected areas is of fundamental importance to protection of reef environments. This work analyses Atol das Rocas Biological Reserve (REBIO) through the diagnosis of resources, assessment of main impacts and the effectiveness of the management used. The cybernetic model of Odum was used to evaluate the impacts and the development of geodiversity and biodiversity in the reserve. For analysis of the effectiveness of management was the used RAPPAM method by WWF. Impacts in the area can be regional and/or global: 1) fishing activities; 2) introduction of exotic species and marine debris; and 3) climate changes. A cybermodel showed these impacts are risky factors to biodiversity and geodiversity. The effectiveness of the management was considered satistatory, it reached 85%. Planning (100%) and Process (99%) modules were the ones that most contributed to this classification. Therefore, Atol das Rocas REBIO can be used as an example to discussions about the management of insular protected areas in the world.