Efeitos da pandemia da Covid-19 sobre o mercado de trabalho cearense

Abstract

This paper seeks to identify the impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on the labor market, especially on the Ceará economy, analyzing workers with different levels of education. In order to provide the proposed analysis, the income decomposition methodology was used. The documents were collected from the database of the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (IBGE), considering the publications of the National Survey of Samples by Household (PNAD), more specifically the PNAD Continuous Quarterly. For analysis purposes, PNAD publications from 2019 to 2020 will be considered to enable a comparative analysis of the scenario prior to the pandemic. The results obtained showed that the labor market in Ceará felt the effects of the pandemic, especially when considering groups of individuals in the labor market with a low level of education. In these two years of crisis, the biggest drop observed occurred in the indicator of average monthly income of people from Ceará with complete primary education level, with a reduction in the order of 41.59%. One of the possible factors identified for this result were the reduction of working hours and the drop in the population's participation in the Ceará labor market observed for this group; the working hours indicator, on the other hand, presented the second largest reduction observed in all education groups, with greater repercussion for those with complete secondary education (-29.54); the hourly income had a smaller increase in the pandemic for the complete elementary school (16.04%) which also presented the greatest reduction in years of study between the two years (-0.41%). In these two years of crisis, the biggest drop observed occurred in the indicator of average monthly income of people from Ceará with complete primary education level, a result that seems to have been driven by the reduction in hours worked.