Espacialização de riscos: análise de indicadores de doenças relacionadas às condições habitacionais na comunidade do Vietnã, Natal/RN

Abstract

Contemporary society faces majorhousing challenges, arising from a risky urbanization that deepens inequalities, including with regard to risks exposure. This dissertation contributes to the understanding of the geographical diseases spatialization, especially those risks that exist in the housing / health relationship, considering the social relationships and the translation of those in space. The objective of this research is to understand the dynamics of diseases / symptoms territorialization in the territory covered by the Basic Health Unit Brasília Teimosa, in the city of Natal, in Rio Grande do Norte. For this, in addition to the precepts of risk geography, the techniques of geoprocessing and thematic cartography were used. Based on these principles, thematic maps were prepared to represent the spatialization of diseases / symptoms that affected the residents of that territory, from the beginning of the use of electronic medical records by the Unified Health System, in 2017, until the date of data collection, in December 2020. The data contained in the electronic medical records of the patients and the cartographic base provided by the Municipal Health Department of Natal were used as a database. In addition to the quantitative study, the experience in the active search for indicators of the housing / health relationship in the territory, whose analysis was systematized into four groups: home and diseases transmitted by airways; home and waterborne diseases; home and domestic accidents; home and mental health. Finally, it was concluded, among other relational hypotheses, that the patients who most attended the Basic Health Unit, within the time frame, are residents of the most vulnerable area of the territory, reflecting yet another facet of the inequalities intrinsic to Brazilian metropolises, which they can be expressed spatially, and the imminent risks to which specific portions of urban populations are exposed.