Aplicação do método FMEA para revisão das estratégias de manutenção de equipamentos médicos adotadas em um hospital

Abstract

The demand for hospital services has grown in recent years as a result mainly of demographic growth. Although many factors influence the demand for this type of service, it is noticeable that the increase in life expectancy keeps it constant and even has great peaks. In this context, it is worth noting that taking careof human health requires safety and reliability, especially in the use of medical equipment, such as diagnostic, treatment and life support equipment. Therefore, it is necessary to ensure efficiency and effectiveness in the execution of hospital services,always seeking to achieve continuous improvement and ensure greater safety for patients and employees. For this to occur, good maintenance management is essential as a way of providing a reliable and quality service. With this in mind, the objective of this work is to carry out the application of the Failure Mode and Effects Analysis (FMEA) tool in a hospital, with the purpose of reviewing maintenance strategies aimed at increasing the reliability of medical equipment, as well as the mitigation of future risks, thus ensuring greater safety for patients and operators. To achieve this purpose, a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) was carried out in order to study the problems within the chosen context and to know the main tools and methods currently employed,aswell as a case study, through which the data of failures of equipment present in the hospital chosen for the study was collected, treated and analyzed. The analyzes made it possible to select the sector with the highest failure rate, to study the failures pertinent to the equipment of the families in that sector, as well as to calculate the criticality of these devices. As a result, it was obtained and elaborated the FMEA for the equipments with the highest criticality value, as well as the proposal of new maintenance strategies for each failure mode identified, using the risk values identified in the FMEA as a basis. These results made it possible to review the strategies previously adopted in view of the proposals and to strengthen the importance of carrying out preventive, predictive maintenance and regular inspections, which should always represent the largest portion of the types of techniques performed, something that did not occur in the analyzed scenario. It is also important to highlight that, in this study, a compilation of analyzes present in the literature was made, thus contributing to the scientific community.