Controle da ansiedade infantil por meios farmacológicos e não farmacológicos: uma revisão de literatura

Abstract

Anxiety and fear are one of the biggest obstacles to performing dental care. The approach of anxious children is very important to facilitate care and reduce anxiety. Pharmacological means can be used to promote sedation in some patients when the unusual behavior management techniques are insufficient to condition the patient. Thus, the objective of this work is to conduct a literature review on the control of childhood anxiety in the dental context by pharmacological and non-pharmacological methods. For this, a bibliographic survey of the last 10 years was carried out in the databases PubMed (Pubmed Central®) and and Virtual Health Library (VHL), using the following descriptors in english: "dental anxiety, "conscious sedation", "pediatric dentistry". with the search for the descriptors together, 134 articles were found, after analyzing the titles and excluding duplicates, 41 articles were selected for full reading. Exclusion criteria were studies that ran away from the proposed theme, literature reviews and case reports. Twenty studies were selected to make up this review. Although the techniques and medications are quite safe for children, the professional should be aware of the risks, advantages and disadvantage of each technique. It is at the discretion of the dentist what is the best conduct in each situation. Among the drugs, Midazolam is still the one that has the most well- known effects, has good efficacy and low incidence of adverse effects.