Scaffolds de sílicas porosas e galactomanana para biomineralização óssea

Abstract

Many osteopathies acquired during human development or accidents can compromise the ability of bone tissue to regenerate. Scaffolds are biomaterials that are prepared to act as supports for the release of active substances responsible for bone repair, in order to provide a good regeneration of the injured bone tissue, acting as an adjunct in the bone repair process, mainly in calcium-deficient tissues. In this sense, porous and galactomannan silica scaffolds were developed. The biomaterials produced were characterized by Small Angle X-Ray Scattering (SAXS), Thermogravimetric Analysis (TG/DTG), Infrared Absorption Spectroscopy (FT-IR), elemental analysis, optical emission spectrometry with inductively coupled plasma (ICP-OES) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The analysis of N2 Adsorption-desorption (BET) and Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) proved the structural ordering of the silicas used in the formation of the hybrid material giving them thermal and mechanical resistance. Through SEM it was possible to observe the morphology of the scaffolds, with the presence of microfibers that mimic bone morphology. Also, by FTIR and TG/DTG analyses, bands and characteristic events of compatibility of galactomannan and silicas of each scaffold produced were evidenced. The production of galactomannan scaffolds, porous silicas and calcium could favor an improvement in the applicability of this new biomaterial for regenerative bone medicine.