Saúde bucal em todas as políticas: conteúdo relacionado ao HIV/AIDS em planos de ensino da graduação em odontologia na comunidade dos países de língua portuguesa

Abstract

Oral health care is important for the early diagnosis of AIDS, health monitoring and improving the quality of life of people living with HIV/AIDS (PLHA), making up the combat of this disease. The objective was to explore the training of human resources in oral health (HROH) in graduate courses, analyzing, above all, the scope of HIV-related content in teaching plans/ menus of Dentistry courses in the Member States of the Community of Portuguese Speaking Countries (CPSC), as well as preparing educational infographics to be used in oral care of PLHA. After exploitation of the websites of Higher Education Institutions (HEIs) responsible for the training of HROH in the 9 countries of the CPSC, were made, using 2 softwares (QGIS® and Google My Maps®), thematic maps, with the spatial distribution and characterization of the courses. Then, the documental analysis of the content referring to HIV/AIDS was carried out in the teaching plans/menus of the disciplines of the referred courses. In addition, the creation of educational infographics based on the results of an integrative literature review about the role of the dental surgeon in the health monitoring of PLHA has been described. As results, 520 courses were identified, with intense inequality from the quantitative point of view, highlighting the large number of HEIs in Brazil and the lack/external dependence of some African Countries of Portuguese Official Language (PALOP) and Timor-Leste, but with a strong similarity regarding the predominance of private institutions (88%). In the documental analysis, the presence of content on HIV/AIDS was evidenced mainly in curricular components in the field of biomedical knowledge and in the initial semesters of the course, as well as a low participation of this content in teaching plans of disciplines in the area of ethical aspects involved in this care. In addition, educational infographics detailed, in an accessible and attractive way, the performance of professionals in oral care this group of patients. Despite the relevance of properly trained HROH to face this pandemic, the teaching plans of the courses analyzed need changes, so that they can contribute to the improvement of the scenario of exclusion and inequity traditionally linked to PLHA.