Desigualdade de renda salarial no Brasil no período 2001 a 2012

Abstract

The high income concentration is one of the main problems faced by Brazil. In this context, the importance of this issue is justified as for social equity as for the potential effects that the income distribution has on the economic growth, poverty and wellness.In this sense, this work aims to show the relationship between education, labor market and income inequality, based on the microdata PNADs for the years 2001, 2006 and 2012. Applying a decomposition methodology proposed by Fields (2002) it was possible to identify the factors that caused the reduction in wage inequality in Brazil.It was found that there was discrimination both for color, in 2001 the whites earned an average of 2,51% more than other races. In 2012, this percentage increased, whites received an average of 4,57% more than blacks, Indians, brown and yellow. There was also discrimination for sex, then men are better paid than women, however this discrimination has been reduced during the period. The breakdown shows that education remains the most important determinant of wage income inequality. Therefore, changes in the educational levels of the Brazilian population, have considerable importance in their income inequality, which should be considered as a relevant factor in achieving public policies.