Tradução cultural e marcas de oralidade nas traduções de "O Quinze" de Rachel de Queiroz para a língua francesa

Abstract

In 1930, Rachel de Queiroz wrote her first novel: O Quinze. In it she presents the drought of 1915 through characters such as Vicente, Conceição and Chico Bento, the latter a refugee. Cultural characteristics, such as a specific language and way of speaking, appear in the novel, which represent a challenge to the exercise of translation. The purpose of this study is to analyse how certain cultural information from the sertão cearense and local orality has been transmitted for the French language in two different moments: in 1986, L'année de la grande sécheresse (translated by Didier Voïta e Jane Lessa) and in 2014, La terre de la grande soif (translated by Paula Anacaona). We analyse the choices made by the translators regarding the regionalism of the work by observing the techniques used (explanations inserted in the text, footnotes, and other metatextual insertions), and we also examine whether there have been any losses or gains in terms of cultural specificities and marks of orality in both versions. It will be through a comparative and qualitative study of the two translations that the impacts of the translators' decisions will be analysed, firstly, with regard to the translation of the terms associated with flora, fauna, food and the way of getting to people, and secondly, with regard to the translation of the marks of orality referring to phonology, lexicon and morphosyntax. The theoretical side is justified by the study of the literary translation of Paulo Henriques Britto (2016), with the support of other theorists, such as Pym (2017), Schnaiderman (2011), Genette (2009) and Torres (2011).