Associação de hábitos bucais deletérios com disfunção temporomandibular em pacientes pediátricos

Abstract

Due to its multifactorial origin, temporomandibular disorders (TMD) are not yet known for sure, but it is already known that there are many initiating, predisposing and perpetuating factors that contribute to the progression of this disorder. The aim of this study was to evaluate the association of deleterious oral habits with temporomandibular disorders in pediatric patients. The sample size calculation was 70 patients, between 5 and 11 years old. The harmful habits were analyzed through a questionnaire: onychophagy, chewing gum, interposing objects between teeth, digital suction, use of electronic devices, mouth breathers, moder lips. Data were tabulated and submitted to a nonparametric statistical analysis, followed by a Wilcoxon correlation test with a significance level of 5% (p <0.05), to observe the existence of correlation or not between the analyzed factors. The prevalence of TMD was 43.10% in the population studied. Statistical association was found between TMD and all habits analyzed, except for digital suction, which corresponded to 5.5% of the population with TMD and this associated habit (p = 0.011) and prolonged use of electronics that only 2.7% of TMD patients had this habit (p = 0.001). These associations being important to treat the disease more briefly, in order to return comfort to the patient, early.