A Integração da humanização na formação das profissões da saúde: Um olhar sobre projetos dos cursos pedagógicos dos cursos e a percepção dos docentes

Abstract

After the creation of the National Humanization Policy (PNH) in 2003, the debate on the subject became increasingly intense, generating the need for updating and modification of the Unified Health System itself. This change depends largely on the transformation of training and compliance with the notions and guidelines set out in the PNH. Therefore, it is relevant to verify the presence of the Policy principles and guidelines in undergraduate courses and to investigate how the teaching of humanization happens in these formations. The objective of this research is to analyze the integration of humanization in the formation of health professions, at undergraduate level, in public HEIs of a university city in the Northeast of Brazil. The study had a qualitative, descriptive and exploratory approach. The research scenarios were the following courses: Physical Education, Nursing, Medicine, Dentistry and Psychology. For data collection were performed: documentary research with the Pedagogical Projects of the Courses (PPCs); and semi-structured interviews with teachers. Data were analyzed using the Content Analysis technique and Collective Subject Discourse. The ethical and legal aspects involving research with human beings were respected. In the data analysis phase, analysis categories and Central Ideas (CIs) were created. The results reveal that all PPCs have content related to humanization. Only the Nursing Program PPC explicitly cites the National Humanization Policy, while most courses present elements related to the principles and guidelines of PNH. The theme of humanization is perceived in the objectives of the courses and profile of the egress, in content of subjects and modules, extension projects and extracurricular activities. The teachers' discourse is heterogeneous, having different understandings and knowledge about the concept of humanization, National Humanization Policy and the teaching of humanization in the health professions. The teachers' discourse also relates to the elements of humanization present in the PNH, other normative documents and the scientific literature. The educators gave suggestions for improving the teaching of humanization in undergraduate courses, such as: teacher training; curriculum restructuring; and offer of welcoming and support to students.