A questão hídrica e o desenvolvimento no semiárido cearense

Abstract

Water is an indispensable resource to attend the most basic conditions for the development of societies. With the increase of the social and economic transformations, there was also an increase in the demand for the use of this resource and, together, the restriction in the supply of the resource was increased, generating scarcity and competition. In arid and semiarid regions, it is noted that the problem of scarcity is aggravated by environmental conditions. In this sense, the integration project of the São Francisco River with the Brazilian northeast provides for mitigating the water scarcity of the beneficiary regions, however, with the growth of demand, another discussion is raised, the possibility of transposing the Tocantins River to contribute to the recharge of the San Francisco. What can be perceived, however, is the lack of foundation to justify positions with respect to projects, whether for or against. On this, the objective was to evaluate the possible effects of the Transposition of Basins to the water availability and development of Ceará. The study was developed from the reflective-descriptive perspective, through the selective reading of bibliographical and data surveys with the related organs. Ensuring water quantity and quality for human, animal, economic and ecosystem consumption must be imperative and, in this sense, transpositions should not be used to increase social inequalities and generate more conflicts. Therefore, it is the government’s responsibility to ensure distribution in the territory for which it is intended, to promote incentives for economic and population development, and also to act more effectively, along with other spheres of society in the management and water resources conservation.