Fracionamento do bagaço do caju (Anacardium occidentale L.) assistido por maceração enzimática

Abstract

In this work, different pre-treatment methods were studied for the cashew fiber pretreatment, as well as different enzymatic hydrolysis methods using the enzymes mixtures Viscozyme® L and Celluclast®. The cashew peduncle is primarily used for the juice extraction and pulp preparation, the remaining bagasse being often incorrectly disposed, contributing to environmental pollution. So as to seek a way to use this discarded bagasse, it is thought that one can use the enzymatic application in cashew fiber. Currently, several methods of hydrolysis are applied, among which the chemical one, which is the most commonly used. Nonetheless, the aforementioned method generates chemical residues that are aggressive to the environment. The enzymatic hydrolysis, in contrast, uses biologically degradable enzymes. Regarding the analyzes, different pretreatment methods were tested in order to make the cashew fiber more available, being the autoclaving one the most successful. Comparisons were made between the mass values obtained after the enzymatic application in different conditions and the method of application with two enzymes, which presented the best result. The liquids obtained after the pretreatment without enzymatic application were analyzed by UPLC - MS and these had in their composition gallic acid, malic acid and citric acid. The liquid obtained after the enzymatic application was also analyzed by UPLC-MS and presented, basically, gallic acid in its composition.