Critérios para a descrição de textos orais sob a concepção da Linguística Sistêmico-Funcional

Abstract

This thesis aims to present a more delicate proposal of the theoretical-methodological procedures proposed by the Systemic-Functional Linguistics to describe types of texts of oral genres in Brazilian Portuguese. In order to characterize the contextual and linguistic criteria of orality description, this research is anchored in Systemic-Functional Linguistics, specifically, in genre studies (HASAN, 1996; MARTIN; ROSE, 2008), in register studies (POYNTON, 1984, 1990; VENTOLA, 1979; MARTIN; ROSE, 2007; HALLIDAY; MATTHIESSEN, 2014), in the development of the SPEECH FUNCTION network (EGGINS, 1990; SLADE, 1996; EGGINS; SLADE, 2006), in the description of the MOOD network (HALLIDAY; MATTHIESSEN, 2014) and in the description of the phonological stratum (HALLIDAY; GREAVES, 2008; CAGLIARI, 1981, 2007, 2012; CARVALHO; GEMENTI; CLAGLIARI, 2011). This study proposes that orality can be classified, as far as the instantiation scale is concerned, as an instance of the linguistic system and as a subpotential of types of oral texts, allowing the description of types of conversational and non-conversational texts. It summons contextual variables of register in order to refine a proposal of description of the ORALITY system, such system is composed by subsystems of PARTICIPANT ROLES, of CIRCUMSTANTIAL COERCIVITY and of ACTIVITIES. At the linguistic level, this work suggests revising the criteria for describing the semantic-discursive system of SPEECH FUNCTIONS, in order to guide the delimitation and attribution of its units of analysis in criteria of a more functional and less empiricist nature. To summarize, this thesis proposes that: (i) orality is defined by a complex contextual synthesis of ideational, interpersonal and textual nature, not restricted to mode subvariables, such as channel and medium; (ii) the ORALITY subsystems, specially the subsystem of PARTICIPANT ROLES, provide a descriptive apparatus for the functional characterization of the roles played by the participants of an oral text and, in spite of empirical criteria, are considered more adequate to the description of primary and secondary moves in the semantic-discursive scope; (iii) the functional description criteria of the semantic-discursive units allow to redefine the classification of monological and interactive sequences.