Indicadores de saúde materno-infantil : uma análise a partir do sistema de informação da atenção básica

Abstract

The public health policies on maternal infant health have mainly focused on comprehensive care to women during the pregnancy and puerperal cycle and also to the child in the first year of life. This is done in order to ensure the health of the mother and also the child so that to prevent maternal deaths and / or child. Health actions in this area in Brazil have been prioritized and have presented advances over the past decades. The objective of this study is to analyze the health situation of children and women in the last ten years in Fortaleza based on the Information provided by the System of Primary Care. This is an observational descriptive study with a quantitative approach. The study was conducted in Fortaleza. The data collection happened from January 2nd to 30th, 2012. The population consisted of children under two years old, and pregnant women enrolled in the Information System of Primary Care. It was done an analysis of key indicators of maternal and infant health, through tables(Appendix A) and graphs produced in Word and Excel programs of Microsoft Office. Over the analysed period, there is a variation of 6.7% (2005) to 7.9% (2002 and 2008) to low weight birth. The increase in rates of low weight birth since 2006, probably occured due to the increased number of teams of strategy family health care in the city leading to an expansion of the monitoring of this indicator, through registration done by the family health teams. Over this period, the prevalence of acute respiratory infections was higher than the prevalence of diarrhea in children under two years. For diarrhea, the proportion ranged from 6.5% (2010) to 12.75% (2006). As for acute respiratory infections there was a variation from 8.9% (2010) to 17.3% (2002). The high rates of diarrhea and acute respiratory infections in children under two years in Fortaleza, indicate the need for a more rigorous monitoring for this age group. There was a decrease in infant mortality rate each year and the year 2002 had an infant mortality rate of 22.4 per thousand born alive and reaching the year 2011 a rate of 1.7 per thousand live births. The three situations that were evaluated in relation to pregnant women accompanied by family health teams, allow us to infer that the care of pregnant women should be improved and and have a better professional qualification. The early uptake of pregnant women must be intensified so that pregnant women attend the prenatal appointments and the start of prenatal care occurs as early as possible, and vaccines are applied in a timely manner. The study allowed us an analysis of the health situation of children and pregnant women in Fortaleza over the last ten years, contributing to the family health teams strategy in order to prepare adequately the planning of interventions in the territory under their sanytary responsibility.