Estudo epidemiológico da terapêutica anti-hipertensiva e suas complicações no metabolismo lipoproteico

Abstract

The identification of patients with arterial hypertension, and the attitudes and practices related to individual cases of the condition, are fundamental to its control and to the prevention of associated complications. The dyslipidemia and hypertension are common and powerful risk factors for cardiovascular disease (CVD) and often coexist in the same individual. The diuretics and beta blockers affect the lipid profile and they can act synergistically, with dyslipidemia and hypertension, in terms of increased risk for CVD. We investigated the influence of hypertension and its treatment on circulating lipids. One hundred and sixty-nine individuals with aged between 32-87 years were studied. According to the results the population was predominantly women (72,6%), and the subjects had a mean blood pressure of 144,23 ± 14,86 (mean ± SD) for systolic pressure, and 90,45 ± 9,91 for diastolic pressure. Hydrochlorothiazide (HCTZ), captopril (CPT) and propranolol (PPL) were the most prescribed drugs. Monotherapy was used in 33,53% of the patients, and CPT was the most prescribed drug. In association therapy (66,47%) the most used drug was HCTZ, specially in prescriptions associated to CPT. Propranolol was used proportionally more by women (p=0,01) and verapamil more by men (p=0,009), and the control of hypertension was significantly (p=0,04) more frequent in individuals being treated with monotherapy than in the subjects being treated with combination therapy. Patients taking HCTZ had significant effects in theirs lipid serum concentrations while that ones taking CPT and/or PPL have no expressive effects. The main associations which lead to lipid serum alterations were HCTZ+CPT and HCTZ+PPL. Theses results suggest that any therapy with includes HCTZ as an hypertensive drug, must be associated to a lipid monitoring process.