Gravitação: história, análise de livros didáticos e uma proposta de abordagem histórica em sala de aula

Abstract

The current work has as main purpose the presentation of a class suggestion made as an insertion mode of History of Science, a content that is debated about its importance in science spread and in the efficiency in a class itself. On the Physics context, such content specifies in form of History of Physics, witch begins in Antiquity, as heavenly observations. Therefore, gravitation, that derives from movement studies, was chosen as the specific theme to be used in classroom. To reach the objective of this work, it is divided in three parts: the first one is formed by a general presentation of how gravitation had evolved from movement study until takes its own shape. The second part constitutes a textbook analysis usually utilized as references by teachers, some of them already used as main textbooks, others approved by the Programa Nacional do Livro e Material Didático (PNLD) as appropriate for use. The third part is, finally, the suggestion as class division mode, activities and materials to be used. The conclusion of this work tells about how teaching materials approaches the History of Physics as complement mode to technical and mathematical vision of the physical sciences and how the class suggestion would work as a way to reverse or expand the situation created by teachers and teaching materials jointly in classrooms, aiming show another side of physics, a most human and friendly side.