Conhecer para recuperar: estudo fitossociológico da RPPN mãe-da-lua como referência para futuros projetos de reflorestamento da Caatinga desertificada no Ceará

Abstract

The study of conserved vegetation is essential for the recovery actions planning in environments that have been degraded. Human activities of extraction resource, production of goods and services and disposal waste impacts the natural environments in a generalized way. It is urgent to change the current paradigm of productive so that biodiversity conservation and sustainability in human societies are effective. In this context, the Caatinga is a unique and exclusive phytogeographic domain in Brazil and is part of the global biome of Tropical Forests that is seasonally dry, and are highly endangered by anthropic actions and also have endemic biodiversity that has extreme ecological and socioeconomic importance. In Ceará, many areas covered by the Caatinga are in a state of susceptible to desertification, the extreme degradation of a natural semi-arid system. This research aims to produce data from the vegetal biodiversity of the caatinga with a moderate to a good status of conservation to be used as a reference for studies of ecological recovery in degrades areas close, for instance, the desertification nucleus in Irauçuba, just a few kilometers from the area of study. The main objective of this study was investigating the phytosociology of plant communities, inserted in the caatinga context, as a reference was used a Private Reserve of the Natural Patrimony Mãe-da-Lua(RPPN) in Itapajé, in Ceará countryside.It has been done a phytosociological survey at RPPN of the Caatinga arboreal-shrub portion, sensu strictu, using the quadrant method sampling. It was sampling seven areas or walking lines, totalizing of 2,400m in a total of 960 individuals of trees and shrubs sampled. As a result, were found 42 species of 31 genus that belongs for 17 families, that confirm the conservation effectiveness of the biodiversity within Conservation Unit, when these have correct management. We also evaluated the potential species that were sampling, both for the recovery of degraded areas and for use in agroforestry systems, based on data available in the literature, since these systems show as an alternative for the conventional production model and allow the maintenance of the productive environments more biodiverse.