Construção e validação de cartilha para pais e cuidadores de crianças com transtorno de déficit de atenção e hiperatividade

Abstract

Aimed to construct and validate a booklet for health promotion of children with ADHD. Methodological study carried out in Caps i of the municipalities of Juazeiro do Norte and Barbalha from February 2017 to July 2018. The following steps were followed: sending the project to the Ethics Committee; integrative literature review; interview with target audience about the demands to be addressed in the booklet; validation of appearance and content with specialists in mental health and construction of printed matter; validation of the appearance with target population and, knowledge acquired after delivery of the booklet. Construction of the booklet made with graphic design, using illustrations that depict reality, a layout that favors the understanding of information and simple language, comprising 13 domains. Validation occurred with 21 content specialists (General IVC of 0.891 and Cronbach's Alpha of 0.953), 7 specialists in MEI (General IVC of 0.91 and Cronbach's alpha of 0.857) and 17 participants from the target audience (General IVC and 0 , 99 and Cronbach's alpha of 0.891), being considered valid and reliable in terms of content and appearance. After adjustments suggested in the validation process, the readability index of Flesch was calculated, with results of 54% being easy to read. Subsequently, knowledge was evaluated before and after delivery of the booklet with 50 participants, whose data were processed and analyzed with McNemar's Test and Pearson Chi-Square by SPSS version 20.0, presented in tables. After the initial interview (pre-test) the booklet was delivered and after 15 days the second interview (post-test) occurred via telephone contact. Regarding the concept of ADHD, an increase of 2% to 38% was obtained. As for the symptoms, there was an increase in citations related to hyperactivity and impulsivity. Regarding the "Search for treatment", all items have improved, with emphasis on health professionals. About the treatment operation, it went from 10% to 30% of hits. Regarding the care guidelines, we obtained higher percentages of citations in the post-test related to learning. Difference in the percentage of correct answers in the pre- and post-test ranged from 4% to 60%. Regarding the sociodemographic variables, the following stand out: Right ADHD concept and participants without companion (81.3%; p = 0.047); symptoms: "Agitation" and "Lots of energy and participants without companion (100%; p = 0.025); symptom "Does not end the activities" and participants with companion (64.5%; p = 0.009); symptom "Many energy" (96.8%; p = 0.029) among participants with family income of up to one minimum wage; symptom "Does not end the activities" (71.4%, p = 0.35) among participants with higher education. Participants with high school and symptom "Disorganization" (25%, p = 0.00). Regarding the care guidelines, the relation between the item "Placing task notices" (14.7%, p = 0.043) and participants with companion, as well as "Chat with teachers" and participants without partners (p = 0.035, 81.3%). It is considered the effective primer since it has improved the knowledge of the participants in most of the items. It is believed that this educational technology can contribute to the care of nursing in mental health and other health professionals, enabling better learning of parents and caregivers about care for children with ADHD.