Problema de Formação de Múltiplos Times com Múltiplas Habilidades: uma abordagem heurística

Abstract

To meet market requirements and to place themselves as strong competitors in it, many companies need to carry out multidisciplinary projects simultaneously. In these cases, in addition to personnel recruitment and training issues, the social relationships between team members take on an important role that directly influences the success of a project and can significantly affect its outcomes. In order to help companies to group better teams considering the aforementioned aspects, this work presents the Multiple Team Formation Problem with Multiple Skills, as a generalization of Gutiérrez et al. (2016)’s problem. Using Graph Theory concepts for problem’s input data representation, a heuristic method is applied to search solutions that satisfy the projects’ skills demand constraints, while also seeking to maximize the social relationships between team members. Computational tests are performed with the proposed Genetic Algorithm and with the heuristic algorithms found in the literature for the existing problem. In terms of GAP (difference between the value of the heuristic solution and the optimum value), the proposed algorithm was better compared to the literature, however, requiring a little more execution time. For the generalized problem proposed in this work, new instances were generated and experiments were performed. Because we do not have the optimal values for these instances, the GAPs are not presented, just the qualities of the solutions and the execution time. But, according to the way in which the quality of a solution to this problem is calculated, we know that the maximum possible value is always 1 and the qualities found by the proposed heuristic are close to this value.