Influência da autoestima na qualidade de vida de pessoas vivendo com HIV/AIDS

Abstract

The assessment of the self-esteem of people living with HIV / AIDS and its influence on quality of life is important, since the individual's emotional state may interfere with adherence to antiretroviral treatment and coping with the disease. The objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of self-esteem on the quality of life of people living with HIV / AIDS. This is a cross-sectional, quantitative study, carried out from August 2016 to July 2017 at the Infection Clinic of the Walter Cantídio University Hospital (HUWC), the Federal University of Ceará (UFC) and the Basic Health Unit Carlos Ribeiro, in Fortaleza - CE. The sample consisted of 335 patients. The collection was done through a semistructured interview with the following data collection instruments: the Sociodemographic and Clinical Characterization Form for People Living with HIV / AIDS, the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RAS), and the Quality of Life Scale (HAT-QoL). The data were tabulated in the Microsoft Excel 2016 application, and analyzed in the Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) program, version 24.0. Fisher and Kruskal-Wallis tests were applied in the statistical analysis, absolute and relative frequency, mean, median and standard deviation were also calculated when necessary. The P value considered statistically significant was <0.05. Ethical principles have been respected. The results show that the majority of participants were male (86.9%), homosexual (61%), unmarried (64.2%), employed (62.4%), 2%), had schooling less than or equal to 12 years of schooling (64.5%). The most prevalent age group was between 30 and 49 years old (51.1%), followed by less than or equal to 29 years (38.4%), with a family income less than or equal to two minimum wages (56.4%), . Regarding health habits, 53.7% of the participants did not engage in any physical activity, 51.3% used alcohol, 77% did not use tobacco, 90.1% did not use illicit drugs, those who used it , 50% used marijuana and 50% cocaine. Regarding condom use, the vast majority (72.8%) reported using it, especially frequent use (84.8%). Regarding the Self-esteem, the minimum score obtained was 16 and the maximum of 36 (Average of 28.8). In Quality of Life, the minimum score reached 7.1, with a maximum of 99.4 (Mean of 71.1). Self-esteem was found in 63.3% of the participants, and quality of life was assessed as low in 51.6% of the interviewees. The linear correlation between self-esteem and quality of life was positive and significant (P <0.001). Therefore, the higher the quality of life, the greater the self-esteem. It is understood according to the data obtained that the quality of life of people living with HIV / AIDS is influenced by self-esteem.