Efeitos neurocomportamentais e bioquímicos do extrato aquoso e dos metabólitos secundários da moringa oleifera em camundongos

Abstract

Depression, anxiety and epilepsy are diseases that affect a part of the population and become a concern because it decreases the quality of life of people with disorders. They were treated pharmacologically to treat these disorders, but some did not respond to treatment. Plant extracts and metabolites have been researched as an alternative to the treatment of several diseases, so Moringa oleífera (M.oleifera) has been studied because it has components that can aid in the treatment of these diseases. The objective were neighborhood effects of neuropsicofarmacological of the aqueous extract (EAMO) and metabolized secondary (METMO) the seeds of M.oleifera in the classical samples of depression, anxiety and convulsion in mice and oxidative stress in the hippocampus (HC), striatum (ST) and prefrontal cortex (PFC). EAMO was administered acutely at the doses of 50, 150 and 450 mg/Kg (i.o.) and the open field, plus maze and forced swimming (FS) tests were performed. In the pre-treatment acute EAMO there was a reduction in the spontaneous locomotor activity of the animals, it did not present an anxiolytic effect in the plus maze test and presented a possible depressive effect in the forced swimming test. From these results, the effect of METMO at doses of 25, 50 and 100 (i.o) on acute and subchronic pretreatment (14 days) in the pilocarpine-induced convulsion test was evaluated. In the acute phase there was an increase in seizure latency at a dose of 50 mg/Kg and increase in the three doses in the subchronic one. In the death latency there was an increase in the doses of 50 and 100 mg/Kg in the acute pretreatment and increase in the three doses in the subchronic. When evaluating oxidative stress, there was a reduction of lipid peroxidation (MDA) in the acute treatments of EAMO in the ST (150 mg/Kg) and in the three doses in the PFC and METMO in the HC in the dose of 50 mg/Kg and in the three doses in the ST. In the subchronic reduced in the three doses in HC, ST and PFC. In the nitrate/nitrate dosage, there was no change in the EAMO and in the METMO there was a reduction in HC in the three doses, in the ST (25 and 50 mg/Kg) and PFC (50 mg/Kg) in the subchronic one there was reduction in the three doses in HC, ST and PFC. In the dosage of glutathione (GSH) there was no change in the EAMO acute and there was a reduction in the METMO subchronic of HC (50 and 100 mg/Kg), in the ST (25 and 100 mg/Kg) and in the three doses in the PFC. Thus, the present study demonstrated a possible neuroprotective effect in the pilocarpine-induced convulsion model that may be related to the mechanism of antioxidant action of these compounds