Análise da produção e economia do setor pesqueiro de Guiné-Bissau, costa ocidental da África

Abstract

Fishery is one of the most important sectors in the economy of Guinea-Bissau. The artisanal fishing employs a considerable proportion of the people and the industrial fishing is responsible for one of the highest income in the economy, the most part due to agreements signed with its trade partners. Given the importance of this sector, this research has as goal to study the dynamic of the fishery sector in Guinea-Bissau aiming to identify tendencies and factors determining its behavior. In this sense, it is done a statistical analysis (growth rate and correlation) of the relevant variables such as fishing production, according to species and geographic region (fresh and marine water), quantity and value of fishing production, and fish export and import (external trade balance) in the period between 1995/2005. Following, we discussed the main policies towards the fishery sector and its relation with the sector performance. Based on the results, we could conclude that in both Sub-Saharan Africa and Guinea-Bissau the trade balance of the fishery sector showed positive outcomes during the whole period of analysis (1995/2005), with an average annual growth rate of 0,2% and 10,6%, respectively. We observed also that the fishery agreements among the Sub-Sahara African countries and their trade partners in most part are not respected due to lack of enforcement and control, leading to overfishing their stocks.