Interação entre estirpes de rizóbios e cultivares de feijão caupi avaliadas em Pentecoste-CE

Abstract

The cowpea in the Brazil, especially to rural population of the regions North and Northeast, represent one of the main alternatives of feeding and employment generation and income. However, still represent low productivities and one of the causes is the scarcity in the adoption of technologies in the system of production. A viable technology, of low cost to the farmer and doesn‟t presents risks to environment is the inoculation with strains of efficient rhizobium in the process of Nitrogen Biological Fixation. Therefore, with the intention of obtain better productivities with this process, is necessary choose strains and varieties that be efficient and well adapted to producing regions. This work was done in the Fazenda Experimental Vale do Curu, in Pentecoste – Ceará, and had as objective to test the efficiency of strains of rhizobium in varieties of cowpea recommended to the state as well as to verify the existence of interaction between both. It was tested two varieties and three strains of rhizobium obtained of Active Germplasm Bank of cowpea and of Collection of Culture of Diazotrophic Bacterium of the Laboratory of Environment Microbiology of Universidade Federal do Ceará (UFC), respectively. It was used the experimental design randomized blocks, with four replications, in a 2x6 factorial scheme, being two varieties: “Sempre-Verde” and “Setentão” with six sources of nitrogen, corresponding three selected strains: LAMAB 40, LAMAB 48 and LAMAB 65, a standard strain (BR3267), the fertilized control and the absolute control (free of inoculation and nitrogen fertilization). The data collection was realized 35 days after sowing and in the harvest of dry grains. The results of combination between the varieties, and sources of nitrogen, were similar between them. The productivity of the two varieties was statistic the same, but the „Setentão‟ was better than other varieties. The strains LAMAB 40 and BR3267 stood out for generate earnings of productivity similar of manured culture.