Produtividade de cultivares de trigo em cultivo irrigado e sequeiro no cerrado matogrosence

Abstract

Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is among the species of greatest importance for human consumption, especially as the second most grown cereal worldwide. Previously, the wheat was characteristic of the south of the country, yet with the breeding and supply of adequate amounts of water, the wheat cultivation has been spreading through various agricultural regions of the country. In order to bring the cultivation of wheat to the region of the Brazilian Midwest, this study aimed to evaluate the production potential of wheat cultivars under irrigated and rainfed cultivation in the region of Chapadões. The project was carried out from May to September 2015, the Foundation of the experimental area to Support Agricultural Research Chapadao in the city of Chapadao do Sul - MS. The soil of the area is classified as Oxisol, at an altitude of 810 meters and humid tropical climate with dry winter and rainy summer. The experiment was conducted in a manner that four wheat cultivars: CD150, CD151, CD1252 and CD1440 were subjected to two forms of cultivation, irrigated and rainfed. The experimental design was entirely randomized, being irrigated and dry land (plots) x 4 cultivars with four replications each. Irrigation management was conducted via meteorological data, calculating estimates of ETo with the Penman-Monteith-FAO method. It evaluated the productivity variable. The drought in rainfed treatments occurred during wheat grain filling stage, caused productivity savings compared to irrigated cultivation. The irrigation in wheat crop resulted in an increase of productivity of the order of 347% compared to dry for the planting season in question. The wheat cultivars under dryland management showed no significant difference in productivity, with an average of 781.3 kg ha-1. Among the cultivars, the CD1252 is the one with greater response to irrigation, reaching the productivity of 3647.12 kg ha-1.