Consórcio de feijão caupi com capim panicum maximum sob lâminas de irrigação e épocas de transplantio

Abstract

With the increasing demand for food and raw materials and the continued reduction of potential areas for development of agriculture, optimization of space is needed so that we can keep producing. And one of the most viable alternatives is the crop-livestock integration, in which the operator can perform consortium between different species, such as between the string bean and grass BRS Zuri for use as fodder for dairy goats. For this, and knowing that the grass growth is faster than the beans, the main objective was to seek the ideal time for the grass transplanting and appropriate irrigation depth to obtain good production of both species, to maximize the production of beans for human consumption and fodder for animal consumption. As a result, it held its field experiment in Fortaleza in the experimental area of the weather station. The design was a randomized block design with split plots (split-plot), with three replications. The plots were composed of five irrigation levels, equivalent to 0.25; 0.50; 0.75; 1.0 and 1.25 times the evaporation of water in the tank as Class "A" (ECA) and the subplots recognized at the time of the grass transplanting (at the time of bean emergence, EB, 5 days after bean emergence DABE; 10 DABE, and 20 DABE). In order to evaluate the effects of the different treatments were determined variables productivity bean grains and fresh bean weight of the grass and the consortium. The data of variables were subjected to analysis of variance (ANOVA) by F test at 1 and 5% probability and checked for normality by the Shapiro-Wilk test (W). When denoted significant effect, data were submitted to regression analysis in order to find the equation that best express the relationship between the variables studied and applied treatments. The results obtained can be concluded that: if the agropecuarista prioritize the production of fresh weight of grass it must opt for insertion of grass just after the emergence bean and irrigate the consortium with a blade equivalent to 1.16 times the evaporation measured in class A tank; if the priority is the production of beans, the producer must use a blade equivalent to 1.50 times the ECA with insertion of grass at 20 days after germination of beans thereby obtaining a yield of 2820.9 kg h-1; To prioritize the production of forage (grass + beans) in dairy goats, agropecuarista opt for greater water depth within the studied range (1.25 times the ECA) and make the grass insertion 20 DAEB.