Características das escolas públicas estaduais do Ceará e seu desempenho no Enem de 2015

Abstract

This study aimed to analyze the relation between physical-qualitative characteristics of the state public schools of Ceará and their 2015 Exame Nacional do Ensino Médio (ENEM) performance. From a database composed of data acquired from the Secretária de Educação do Estado do Ceará (SEDUC) and from the Instituto Nacional de Estudos e Pesquisas Educacionais Anísio Teixeira (INEP), it was possible to characterize 588 state schools of Ceará in function of physical and qualitative features. Then, the schools were grouped by a cluster analysis, where it was tried to find indications of relation between the school groups’ features and students’ ENEM performance. The results suggest that the Escolas Estaduais de Ensino Profissionalizante present a more effective pedagogical model. The study also suggests that inequalities and inefficiencies persist in the State of Ceará educational system, with emphasis on science and computer labs, reading rooms, school gyms and broadband internet. The research is limited for not using an analysis that allows robust inferences and for not having a database that makes explicit the process of interaction between the actors involved in the educational process. The research contributes by analyzing the quality of education through quantitative techniques and by urging the debate about solutions that decrease educational inequalities in the context of Ceará.