Diptera e Thysanoptera fitófagas associadas ao cajueiro (Anacardium occidentale L.)

Abstract

Cashew tree (Anacardium occidentale L.) is a plant with origin in the northeastern region of Brazil. It is a tropical fruit tree of economic expression due to the commercialization of the derivatives of the chestnut and peduncle, which is rich in vitamin C and is consumed "in natura" or industrialized to obtain juices, sweets and wines. However, the way in which it has been explored has brought consequences with the increase of phytosanitary complications. Among the pests that affect the yield of this crop, the two orders Diptera and Thysanoptera occupy the fourth and fifth place, respectively, in numbers of species associated to cashew tree. The objective of this work was to describe the characteristics of feeding habit, bioecology and management of Diptera and Thysanoptera species found in association with cashew trees in Brazil. To this end, several sources of study were consulted as articles, theses, communiqués and technical bulletins. In view of the results, it was observed that the Order Diptera presents a total of eight species associated to the cashew tree, being distributed in three families, and the Order Thysanoptera presents a total of three species in a single family. It was concluded that, among the Diptera, most species have a habit of feeding on the pseudofruit, and in the thysanoptera species, these can be found feeding on both the fruits (brown) and the new leaves and terminal shoots.