Tecnologia educativa sobre atividade sexual de pessoas com lesão medular: construção e validação

Abstract

This thesis aims to construct and validate an educational technology, like educational booklet, about sexual activity of people with spinal cord injury. It is a methodological and development study carried out in five stages: determining the interests and educational needs of the target audience; Determining the content of the material; Construction of educational material; Validation of content and appearance of educational material; And evaluation of the application of the booklet with the target audience. The study respected all ethical aspects according to Resolution No. 510/2016 of the National Health Council. In the first stage, a documentary research was carried out on 16 blogs of people with spinal cord injury, 168 publications and 32 comments were analyzed regarding sexuality and sexual function, which made it possible to grasp the interests, educational needs, language and expressions of the target audience. In the second stage, an integrative review of 22 publications on sexuality, function and sexual activity of the person with spinal cord injury was carried out, which made it possible to identify and apprehend the scientific content of the chapters that compose the educational booklet. In the third step, the educational booklet was constructed from three aspects: language, illustration and layout / design. The educational booklet was entitled "Sexuality in spinal cord injury: what you need to know", consisting of six chapters: sexuality; Spinal cord injury and sexual function; Treatments of sexual dysfunctions; Male sexual dysfunctions; Female sexual dysfunction; And promotion of healthy and satisfactory sexual activity of the person with spinal cord injury. In the fourth stage, the validation of the educational booklet was performed using the Content Validation Index (CVI) and binomial test (p <0.10). An agreement of 85% was established between content judges, 80% between the judges of designer and 85% among the target audience. The validation results were: a global CVI of 0.91 in content validation with eleven health professionals in the area; CVI global of 0.87 in the validation of appearance with three graphic designers; And global CVI of 0.94 in the validation of appearance with 37 people with spinal cord injury; The validation revealed an excellent degree of agreement among the evaluators, meaning that the booklet obtained the gold standard at the end of this stage. The reliability of the content and appearance validation tools with the target audience obtained Cronbach's alpha global values of 0.917 and 0.955 respectively, meaning good internal reliability and excellent ratings. In the fifth step, a quasi-experimental, pilot test, in a single group, before and after, was carried out to apply the educational booklet and evaluation of the knowledge, attitude and practice of a new group of 20 people with spinal cord injury in three moments: pre-test, immediate post-test and late post-test with two weeks. An increase of the average score was observed in all domains, comparing pre-test and immediate post-test, mainly in the knowledge domain; And compared with the late post-test, the mean score was maintained, and the Friedman test (p <0.05) was applied. It is concluded that the thesis defended was proven, because the educational booklet was considered a valid and reliable educational technology to promote healthy and satisfactory sexual activity of the person with spinal cord injury, capable of promoting appropriate knowledge, attitude and practice.