Avaliação da problemática da vulnerabilidade na acessibilidade ao trabalho nas cidades de La Paz e El Alto - na Bolívia

Abstract

The city is a set of dynamic systems that interact and, if there is any problem in one of them, it can produce imbalances in the other subsystems due to interdependence. There are approaches that use integrated land use and transport modeling. In the last two decades, these have been considered for preparation of mobility plans. However, developing countries cities had an urban growth that does not respond, mostly, to the urban plans. Human settlements invaded areas that had not been planned to be habitable. This contributes to the generation of vulnerabilities in the urban system. These conditions affect the accessibility of people to their daily activities and concerns not only the place of dwelling but also the space used in the trips. The objective of this research is to propose a method to evaluate the impacts of the accessibility vulnerability of the population working in the cities of La Paz and El Alto in Bolivia. There is a large number of indicators in the literature that assess how vulnerability can affect the level of service of the transportation system, focusing on system offerings at an operational level. In this research, the purpose was to bring this concept to accessibility planning. A method had been proposed to understand the vulnerability problem in the displacements of the population of the studied cities, by using indicators of accessibility to the work places and the necessity of displacements using public transportation. Causal relationships of network connectivity problems were identified as an impact factor in accessibility.