A alternância das formas pronominais tu, você e o(a) senhor(a) na função de sujeito no português falado em Cametá-estado do Pará

Abstract

This article presents a study on the alternation of pronominal forms of reference to the second person, in the function of subject, Tu/Você/o(a) Senhor(a) in Portuguese spoken in the urban area of the municipality of Cametá-Pará. It adopts as theoretical-methodological framework the Theory of Variation and Linguistic Change. It aims to analyze the role of linguistic factors (type of sentence, verb tense, generic and pronoun reference) and extralinguistic/social factors (gender/gender, age group and hierarchical relationships) in the motivation of the variable behavior of tu, você and o(a) senhor(a). The research corpus contains data from recordings collected from the face-to-face interactions of 08 (eight) focus groups, each composed of four (4) participant subjects, all of them came from Portugal, totaling 32 participants. However, only 08 (eight) were the subject of analysis of this study, which are our base informants in the age group between 21 to 29 and 34 to 44 years, gender (male and female) and all with a higher level. In the speech of these 08 (eight) base informants we obtained 223 data, these were analyzed by GOLDVARB. The results showed 105 occurrences of the pronominal form tu, 110 of você and only 08 of the form o(a) senhor(a), which correspond, respectively, to 47.1%, 49.5% and 3.2% of percentage of the data considered in the research. We observe that form tu were favored by the direct and specific reference to the interlocutor, by the exclamatory phrase and is used more by women, especially in symmetrical social interactions. While você form, it has its use motivated by the specific reference to a group and is mainly used among speakers of different social hierarchies (top to bottom status), which in this partial analysis leads us to realize that this form is a brand Social distancing and non-intimate treatment among the speakers in the analyzed community.