Projeto, desenvolvimento e implementação de microrrede em campus universitário com tecnologia solar fotovoltaica e de armazenamento

Abstract

Distributed Generation is a growing reality. It is defined as a source of electrical energy connected to the distribution network and it might be together with the network or at the point of consumption. Some of the main motivations for their growth are: savings in investments in construction of energy transmission lines; energy matrix diversification; The establishment of a potentially more sustainable energy matrix; losses in energy transmission systems mitigation; stability of the electric power service optimal use; available energy resources . In the concept of distributed generation the microgrids present as a group of manageable distributed energy resources with clearly defined limits, capable of servicing loads and can operate connected or disconnected of utility grid. This work presents the design and implementation of the structure of a microgrid connected in low voltage (220V / 60 Hz) and installed in the Intelligent Electrical Networks laboratory, in the Department of Electrical Engineering, of the Technology Center of the Federal University of Ceará (UFC). Incorporating solar photovoltaic sources, energy storage by batteries and singlephase and three-phase loads, the microgrid is designed to provide a research, development and teaching environment and as such offers operational flexibility. The energy source of solar-electric conversion is composed of three single-phase 2 kWp photovoltaic systems, using electronic converters from different manufacturers. System 1 uses 4 batteries 200Ah, a battery inverter (network creator), a photovoltaic inverter (network supplier) and a single-phase load bank, being able to operate connected disconnected from the university campus network. System 2 uses an inverter with two strings of photovoltaic modules, allowing the inclusion and withdrawal of power energy operations, as well as allowing the recombination of photovoltaic modules (parallel-series). System 3 allows to select the phase in which it is desired to inject the generated power, allowing power injection in unbalanced operation. The microgrid was implemented in a way that allows local control and provides the necessary channels for the development of remote supervision and control. For this it was used a controller that embarks communication protocol industrially and is established in the market. Tests were performed considering different operating scenarios, which testified the functionalities of the microgrid, which favors the environment for the development and testing of solutions in the midst of the emerging growth trend of the micro-grid market in the world