Avaliação da farinha de glúten de trigo como aglutinante natural em dietas para alimentação de juvenis do camarão branco litopenaeus vannamei cultivados em água verde

Abstract

This aim of this study was evaluate the zootechnical and economic parameters, the use of wheat gluten flour as a natural binder in diets for the juvenile white shrimp L. vannamei grown in green water to replace a synthetic binder. The cultivation lasted 70 days, 25 independent tanks of 1m3 was used, outdoor system, each tank was equipped with individual inlet and outlet water, renovation (14.2% daily) and continuous aeration of water. The shrimps were fed daily at 07:00, 10:00, 13:00 and 16:00, exclusively on feed trays. The average moisture content of the diets reached to 8.22 ± 0.69 (P <0.05). On the other hand, the hardness of the pellets did not differ between treatments. The commercial feed shown the highest hardness (4.92 ± 1.18 kg) compared to the experimental diets (3.35 ± 0.85 kg). The physical stability of the control diet (CTL), diet with 1.5% wheat gluten (AMY1.5) and commercial diet (COM) varied between 88.5 and 92.5%, and was statistically superior to 3.0% wheat gluten diet (AMY3.0) the diet with 5.0 wheat gluten (AMY5.0) diets with 74.8 and 58.1%, respectively. The final survival of shrimp ranged from a minimum of 71.1 ± 9.3% AMY5.0 to a maximum of 95.0 ± 3.3% CTL. However, the dietary effect there was no statistical difference on the growth variables of the shrimp or Factor Conversion Ratio (FCR). The weekly weight gain (1.48 ± 0.03 g), the percentage weight gain (925 ± 17%), the specific growth rate (3.53 ± 0.03%) and feed intake (22.3 ± 0.1 g / shrimp) did not differ statistically between the experimental treatments (P> 0.05). Although, the AMY1.5 diet provided the best result, economically, it was not possible to establish statistically significant difference in gross revenue, gross profit and ROI to compare it with the CTL and AMY3.0 diets (P> 0.05). In general, the experimental diets shown lowest hardness, diameter and length compared to commercial feed. Higher inclusion levels of wheat gluten flour produced no positive effect to reduce the water absorption and leaching. Body growth of the shrimp was not affected by dietary treatment. Found that a combination of 1.5% of wheat gluten flour associated with 0.4% synthetic binder leads to a high physical stability of the diet, in addition best results in the zootechnical performance and economical parameters of the juvenile white shrimp, L. vannamei. Keywords: wheat