A teoria dos blocos semânticos e a sociocognição discursiva: uma proposta de articulação

Abstract

The Language Internal Argumentation (now TAL) proposed by Anscombre and Ducrot (1983) suggests, as the terminology itself suggests, an argumentative orientation that does not follow the standards of logic and / or classical rhetoric and the new rhetoric, but a perspective founded in Saussurean structuralism, so that the act of arguing is investigated from the very structure of language, taking into account the design of enunciation founded in Benveniste (1989). The Theory of Semantic Block (now TBS) developed by Ducrot and Carel (1997, 2001), whose theoretical basis the same TAL presents the argumentative orientation from the aspects inherent in a semantic block or more, considering not only the statement as well as a lexical unit itself. The Polyphony Theory developed by Ducrot (1987), and later elaborated by Carel (2011), was developed in parallel with the TAL and TBS, as well as the theory Topoi, second phase of development of the standard form of the TAL. Also called Polyphony Linguistics, in contrast to the polyphonic proposal for Bakhtin, this approach highlights the argumentative orientation of the speaker from enunciators present in argumentative segments. This study, then, is the appropriation of categories of TBS, as from Polyphony Linguistics, for Critical Discourse Analysis, according to the socio-cognitive approach of van Dijk (2006, 2008). The purpose of this articulation has the sociocognição as the grounds for criticism and ideological research of discourse that aims to conflict between social groups, and for that, we can see the usefulness of aspects of the semantics blocks and the enunciators function as guiding the argument textual, whose ideological motivation abuse of power, installed in these speeches.