Desempenho operacional e energético de um protótipo de quadriciclo agrícola em pista de concreto em função da rotação da macha e carga aplicada na barra de tração

Abstract

In the Brazilian Northeast, the displacement of young people from rural areas to cities in search of better working conditions is frequent, with the result that the labor force used in family agriculture is becoming scarcer. The agricultural quadricycle was developed for use by family farmers, contributing to supply the shortage of existing labor, idealizing activities developed in small areas. However, the evaluation of the quadricycle is necessary for a better knowledge of the energetic and operational performance of the machine. The objective of this study was to evaluate the performance of the agricultural quadricycle in a concrete track using four gears (1a, 2a, 3a and 4a) and three load variations (0, 200 and 400 kg) with two engine rotations (2800 And 3600 rpm). The experiment was conducted on the concrete runway of LIMA - Laboratory of Agricultural Machine Accident Investigation at the Federal University of Ceará located in the city of Fortaleza, Ceará. The completely randomized design - DIC was used, with a factorial arrangement of 4x3x2 with five replications in each treatment. To perform the descriptive analysis and for the test of normality, the software Assistat® was used and when the data did not present normality, Minitab 17® software was used to make Exponentially Weighted Moving Average (MMEP) charts. After the analysis of the results of the tests in the concrete track, it was concluded that the skidding of the rear wheels of the agricultural quadricycle presented increasing values as the scale of the gears increased. The highest values of velocities were found with the increase of the rotation, and with the scheduling of the gears, being the rotation 2 and the march 3 and 4 presented higher values with respectively 10.97 km / h and 12, 44 km / h. For hourly consumption of fuel, rotation 2 increased by an average of 60% the fuel consumption per hour in relation to the rotation 1, according to the variation of gears 1, 2, 3 and 4 there was an increase in hourly fuel consumption. The average values of the specific fuel consumption presented lower values in the gears that presented lower speed of displacement. As the rotation increased, the force on the drawbar increased. It was also observed that the force on the drawbar increased as the lifts were scaled and the load applied to the drawbar increased. As for the power in the drawbar it was verified that in the rotation 2 obtained greater values of power. And that increasing the load and staggering of the gears also increased the power in the drawbar.