Estado da arte dos anuros fósseis do mesozóico mundial e descrição de nova espécie de anuro da Formação Crato, Bacia do Araripe, Nordeste do Brasil

Abstract

The anura order consists of frogs and toads are animals that have a water-earth double life cycle, with much reliance on water sources for reproduction and development to adulthood. Currently they are used as bio-indicators measuring the environmental quality of an area that is suffering from some sort of impact. Since its irradiation in the Triassic to the Cretaceous with anatomical shapes and features found in current forms, their distribution and speciation are controversial. Based on this, it conducted a new survey aims at detecting the chronological and geographical distribution of anuran fossils on all continents since the first publication of an article, with theme reference to anura and consulting journals in journals and book chapters in obtaining stratigraphic data, cronobiogeographics, paleontological fossil amphibians of Brazil and the World Mesozoic. The second paper describes a new species of Xenoanura of the Araripe Basin, making a comparative and descriptive analysis with the fossil species of the Mesozoic in which the new information provides new evolutionary aspects of paleontology of the basin. This work was recorded 68 species described for the Mesozoic, and the first fossil record of true frogs begin on Eojurassic (Pliensbachian) with eight species described archeobatrachios as the Cretaceous recorded sixty described species. The new fossil of frog is inserted into a laminated limestone slab of Crato Formation (Aptian-Albian), Araripe Group, from the Araripe Basin. It is incomplete materials (left portion of the preserved skull; uróstilo and fragmented ileus; incomplete hindlimb) presenting phalangeal formula, bone and phylogenetic morphologies (with only eight characters displayed) different from the three holotypes already described (Arariphrynus placidoi, Eurycephalella alcinae and Cratia gracilis) of the basin. The continental drift contributed to the creation of new habitats, promote allopatric speciation and diversification of this group on the planet. The new species to be described contributes new information on paleontological diversity batrachofauna the Araripe Basin.