Um novo olhar no cuidado com a gestação: fortalecendo vínculos em grupos de gestantes

Abstract

The comprehensive care proposed by the Family Health Strategy contemplates a reorientation of the care model, surpassing the old method focused on the disease. Through this unique approach, health workers can have an innovative vision, both person-centered and focused on the wider context of the family, with new ways of caring. This study aimed to develop a light technology applied to pregnant women vulnerable to pregnancy rejection and concept, seeking to strengthen the mother-child-world bond. It was a care-oriented approach, whose purpose was to benefit the participants through the different ways of caring. Data collection took place through the application of forms, shooting resources and recording of five group sessions, capturing the essence of the rejection phenomenon, both in the speeches and in the body language of the participants. Some quantitative results were presented in graphs and tables constructed from the programs Excel and World version 2010. The analysis of these data outlined the sociodemographic profile that vulnerabilizava the context of the maternity among the participants. The qualitative data were evaluated and confronted by the phenomenological approach of Moustakas, which was adapted to this research because it was more focused on the description of the participants' experiences. The analysis revealed that an environment in which intrafamily violence predominates, partner's absence, maternal economic dependence, needs of a sufficiently good mother, punitive memories of this mother and the non-planning of pregnancy, perceived as meaningless, directly influence the mother. Denial of maternity, constituting an obstacle in the harmonic mother-child-world relationship. Such factors can be reproduced in a rejection mechanism, transmitted to each family generation. Subjectively, feelings of fear, insecurity, impotence, hurt, shame and denial were reported in the construction of the structural description of this study. During the research-care application, the relevance of care in the group approach was verified, as a proposal to deconstruct the rejection phenomenon. Thus, a rescue of the principles of motherhood, transcribed in the speeches and observed in the images through seven units of meaning, initially characterized by heartache, contempt, rejection, abortion and ambivalence of feelings, restructured by resilience and ended by acceptance . Finally, it is extremely important to promote effective assistance to pregnant women who are most vulnerable to rejection and to establish groups as support in the areas of mental health and care.